Ali akbar hashemi rafsanjani biography of donald

His close relatives also held significant positions in the government, further strengthening his influence. As the war with Iraq dragged on, Rafsanjani realized that Iran's position was becoming increasingly unsustainable. Inhe initiated the creation of the "Council for Expediency," which included influential figures in the government who shared his moderate views.

This council served as the highest advisory body on national security matters. Rafsanjani also sought the support of the Revolutionary Guards, a military force he helped create as a counterbalance to the regular army. However, the Guards' disillusionment grew when Khomeini agreed to a UN resolution calling for a peaceful resolution to the Iran-Iraq war.

This was seen by the Guards as a betrayal of the revolution's ideals, particularly by Rafsanjani. InRafsanjani visited Ayatollah Khomeini to propose ending the war with Iraq. Khomeini initially hesitated but eventually agreed to consider it. Rafsanjani played a crucial role in convincing Khomeini to accept a ceasefire, which marked a turning point in the war.

After Khomeini's death, Rafsanjani became the President of Iran in and served two terms. His presidency was marked by efforts to rebuild the war-torn country's economy and improve relations with the international community. He advocated for a pragmatic approach to governance and emphasized the importance of education, science, and technology for the country's development.

He ran in the presidential elections, only to be defeated by the populist, Mahmoud Ahmadinejad. Hardliners later accused Rafsanjani of supporting the massive protests that broke out in when Ahmadinejad was elected to a second term in a contested election. In he failed in a bid for election as chairman of the Assembly of Experts. He was not able to prevent a son and daughter from serving terms in prison for alleged economic malfeasance and political misbehavior.

Skip to content Site Navigation The Atlantic. Popular Latest Newsletters. Search The Atlantic. Quick Links. In the last year of the war with Iraq, Ayatollah Khomeini appointed him acting commander-in-chief of the armed forces. He is seen as the main mover behind Iran's acceptance of the UN Security Council resolution which ended the war. As president, Mr Rafsanjani sought to encourage a rapprochement with the West and re-establish Iran as a regional power.

His influence in Lebanon helped to bring about the release of Western hostages there in the early s. Domestically, he pursued an economically liberal policy that critics said failed to deliver on social justice. His financial policies aimed to move Iran from the state-controlled economy of the Iran-Iraq war years to a more market-based system. In recent years he has condemned Mr Ahmadinejad's economic policies, accusing them of having seriously damaged Iran.

On the nuclear issue, he was in favour of negotiation with the West, but "not to accept bullying and imposition". Inat Friday prayers, he spoke out against nuclear weapons and said he was disappointed that the US, which still has a nuclear arsenal, was trying to stop Iran from using nuclear energy for peaceful purposes. InMr Rafsanjani was appointed head of the powerful Expediency Council, which arbitrates in disputes between the Majlis and the Guardian Council, which can block legislation.

Inhe was elected to the Assembly of Experts and a year later was voted leader of the body which appoints the supreme leader. After winning reelection to his seat at Assembly of Experts as Tehran district's first person, Rafsanjani announced that it was the last time that he joined an election as a candidate and will be retired from politics at the end of the current term.

He also said "Now I can die with peace of mind" after seeing election of a moderate parliament in the legislative election. He was brought immediately to Tajrish 's Shohada-ye Tajrish Hospital in north Tehran, as reported by Iranian state-run media. Black banners were raised in Tehran and other cities and some posters showed the Supreme Leader and Rafsanjani together smiling.

Five days of mourning also observed in the southern province of Kermanwhere Ayatollah Rafsanjani's hometown of Rafsanjan is located. Two months after his death, a highway in Northern Tehran was renamed in his honour. Many streets in other cities also named Rafsanjani. The central building of Azad University also named as Building and a statue of him was installed outside of the building.

In Hassan Rouhani ordered the Iranian supreme national security council to reopen an investigation into Rafsanjani's death. After his loss at the presidential elections ina growing tension between him and President Ahmadinejad arose. Rafsanjani had criticized Ahmadinejad's administration several times for conducting a purge of government officials, [ 80 ] slow move towards privatization [ 81 ] and recently hostile foreign policy in particular the atomic energy policy.

During a debate with Mir-Hossein Moussavi in presidential electionAhmadinejad accused Rafsanjani of corruption. Rafsanjani released an open letter in which he complained about what he called the president's "insults, lies and false allegations" and asked the country's supreme leader, Ali Khamenei, to intervene. In his latter years, Rafsanjani had disagreements with Ali Khamenei who has the last say in everything in Iran.

Khamenei even indirectly called Rafsanjani a traitor. Before Iranian Revolution, Rafsanjani was active in the anti-Shah activities and reportedly associated with the Islamic Coalition 's shura-ye ruhaniyat lit. Although Rafsanjani was a member of the pragmatic-conservative Combatant Clergy Associationhe had a close bond to the Executives of Construction Party and Moderation and Development Party.

He was regarded as flip-flopping between conservative and reformist camps since the election of Mohammad Khatamisupporting reformers in that election, but ali akbar hashemi rafsanjani biography of donald back to the conservative camp in the parliamentary elections as a result of the reformist party severely criticizing and refusing to accept him as their candidate.

In the end, the major differences between the Kargozaran and the reformists party weakened both and eventually resulted in their loss at the presidential elections in However, Rafsanjani regained close ties with the reformers since he lost the presidential elections to Mahmoud Ahmadinejad. From his marriage to Effat Marashi in[ 96 ] Rafsanjani had three sons: MohsenMehdiand Yasseras well as two daughters, Fatemeh and Faezeh.

His wife, Effat is the granddaughter of Mohammed Kazem Yazdi. The Rafsanjani family took their name from his great grandfather, whose last name was Hashem. When Akbar Hashemi was born, his father was a rich businessman with a valuable pistachio business. Rafsanjani's three sons own properties in Dubai, including two apartments in the Burj Khalifa.

Ali akbar hashemi rafsanjani biography of donald

Months after the revolution, Rafsanjani was shot once in the stomach [ ] by one of the groups vying for power amid the political turmoil. He was not seriously wounded, and neither was his wife who jumped in front to shield him from the attack. In addition, the full text of his Friday Prayer sermons and his congress keynote speeches are also published separately.

The book in fact considered as a key to the subjects and concepts of Quran. The book has been written by Rafsanjani and several other scholars. Although he was a close follower of Ayatollah Khomeini and considered as a central elite during Islamic revolution, at the same time he was fan of reconstruction of shattered country after war and according to this fact, he selected his cabinets from western-educated technocrats and social reformers.

His cabinet largely was a reformist one. Rafsanjani acquired both the support of Imam Khomeini in one hand and Majlis in other hand. In fact, he tried to transfer the economy towards the free-market system. There was a gap among Rafsanjani and Khatami and reform agenda because of his partnership with those who were conservative. The first face of reformist movements began by Rafsanjani.

Contents move to sidebar hide. Article Talk. Read Edit View history. Tools Tools. Download as PDF Printable version. In other projects. Wikimedia Commons Wikinews Wikiquote Wikidata item. President of Iran from to For the surname, see Rafsanjani surname. Hashemi Rafsanjani, c. See list. Effat Marashi. Fatemeh Mohsen Faezeh Mehdi Yasser. Early life and education [ edit ].

Political career [ edit ]. Pre-Revolution struggles [ edit ]. After the revolution [ edit ]. Chairmanship of the Parliament — [ edit ]. Presidency — [ edit ]. Main article: Presidency of Akbar Hashemi Rafsanjani. Domestic policy [ edit ]. Foreign policy [ edit ]. Construction [ edit ]. After the presidency [ edit ]. Main articles: Iranian presidential election and Iranian election protests.

Assembly of Experts election [ edit ]. Main article: Akbar Hashemi Rafsanjani presidential campaign. Later years [ edit ]. Death [ edit ]. Main article: Death and state funeral of Akbar Hashemi Rafsanjani. Wikinews has related news: Former Irani president Rafsanjani dies, aged Controversies [ edit ]. Accusations [ edit ]. Tension with Ahmadinejad [ edit ].

Tension with Khamenei [ edit ]. Views [ edit ]. Political parties [ edit ]. Electoral history [ edit ]. Main article: Electoral history of Akbar Hashemi Rafsanjani. Personal life [ edit ]. Family tree [ edit ]. Assets [ edit ]. Assassination attempts [ edit ]. Books [ edit ]. Notes [ edit ]. See also [ edit ].